The myriad of information, which passes through the Internet each day, is constantly being adjusted and manipulated for increased user friendliness and navigation. As one inevitably joins this realm of hyper reality certain rules and guidelines assist in the process. The arts as an industry, an aspect of cultural individuality and identity take a unique role in this. The ability to relate to artists, enthusiast and proficient Internet users, who may not be either of the previous two, is a delicate balance.
The following essay will explore three websites, whose main focus is the contemporary art scene, including, but not exclusive to, reviews of shows, promotions of new shows, artist profiles, community discussions and forums and all art related news. Namely this discussion includes,
NY Arts Magazine (NYAM),
ArtReview, and
ArtBlart these sites reach both a local and international platform, as further analysis is made on individual articles and the sites as a whole these elements will become more obvious. As a general guideline the expectations of any website in 2009 are the ability to accurately convey relevant information in a user friendly and interesting manner. Artist and enthusiasts are often behind in their use of new technology; this is particularly seen in the following analysis, as the sites reveal certain shortcomings.
As a start this essay will look at the NYAM, as a parallel online version to the printed magazine, established in 1995. Predominately used by New York City inhabitants it currently has more that 20 million annual hits according to
NY Art New Media site. Its archives and newsletters are updated daily and the site includes 2,000 galleries, 10 800 shows, 40 000 artists, and 35 000 images. Founded by Abraham Lubelski, the site outlines its mission to actively promote the understanding and appreciation of contemporary art worldwide by providing easily accessible art information.
The layout of the site is simple and easy to use; it has a number of constant items framing the content, the menu for the site and a search option sit on top of the screen. On the right hand side is a directory of Sponsor links, these are links to blogs and sites of a similar theme and interest including Art Fair calendars. As a generalisation websites preoccupied with art provide links to other such pages, should these share a common theme, idea or stream of art. This makes it easier to navigate one’s way through the number of websites on offer. Also it links the reader to a niche community of artists and enthusiasts. NYAM also contains links to artist’s sites, working well for the site’s popularity, as an accessible tool to artists, academics and enthusiasts.
The home page offers a number of stories to choose from, the content for this is skimable as one scrolls through a list of titles, thumbnail images and first few words of the story. Most articles are short; they describe works of the artist or present expectations for a show. There are two ways of accessing the text, either through clicking on the title or through a “Read more” link at the end of the short summary. The “News” page is given a more serious look, as the images are omitted, leaving just the headline and the first few words of the articles. This being a website on art this kind of look diminishes from the usability of the site. Most readers would require the strong prompt of an image to take an interest, as art is primarily about aesthetics.
As a student of arts my attention was immediately drawn to the “Reviewed” section. These articles are a bit longer than those on the home page and although they maintain the same layout; headings, picture and text they are more difficult to read. The articles look bulky and feel as though simply a copy of the print version. They have no links to connect themes, artists or even galleries to adequately make use of their online presence. Looking at Thomas Mallone’s review
Picture This the reader is offered a minor biographical overview of photography artist Annie Leibovitz, with a description of some of her more memorable photographs of celebrity figures. The images are ones that may be familiar to many, as they made headlines and front covers of popular magazines, such as Vanity Fair. One example is the image of naked and heavily pregnant Demi Moore, however many are obscured in memory, and need to be viewed again for reference. This article contains a single image without any links to the others it mentions in the article. The reason for this is that it is a direct copy from and referenced to the New York Times. This detracts from the credibility of the site, as it seems to be lacking in journalistic integrity of research or even editing. One reason content managers are using other media for reviews may be that as a site with focus on art and artists it unites media into one location, for ease in research. However as a site for artists and art enthusiasts, it requires more images to accompany these reviews, which can easily be done during editing with links to avoid copyright issues.
Art Review is a social networking site also aligned with a print magazine, it however, has a different approach to that of NYAM, it’s focus is building a social networking site for the art world, creating a global forum for discussion, interactivity and debate. The site allows its users to post artwork, contribute to blogs, videos and comment on or rate content, as well as create discussion groups and forums, all of which is monitored by the editorial staff.
As a social network site, the layout is key. It has to not only connect to the online community but as an art network community it must provide current information on exhibitions and artists, as well as remain a reliable source of reviews. This site, like NYAM, has a constant frame around the content, with a selection of Languages, site menu as well as search option by keywords.
Articles can be accessed either through the home page “News” section or through “First Views” section. All articles are presented in simple news style, with a heading and a by-line. There is no kicker although some headlines have intriguing titles, such as Model arrested at the Met. The news stories are simple and punchy, they don’t elaborate into too much detail yet provide a catalyst for discussion amongst the members. All news stories allow members to comment, with the ability to use hyperlink and upload files; this makes communication easier and more enjoyable for online users.
The Magazine aspect of Art Review is lacking however, viewed through Flash Player as if a print magazine, one can flick through the pages or locate the desired article by clicking on the titles in the contents page. This means that articles have not necessarily been adjusted to fit online reading. The content is not skimable, yet the layout of the magazine is relatively easy to read when compared to the content of NYAM, further the articles contain links to external sites.
The article on the Venice Binnale in the Summer Issue is a clear example of this; an interview is presented with short articles on the Binnale’s artists surrounding it in an easy to read layout with full colour. The works of video artists Ragnar Kjartansson as well as Elmgreen and Dragset are also linked to in
Youtube, a privilege missed by the readers of the print version. The visual aspect of viewing articles in a print magazine format creates an air of credibility as one associates these with traditional elements of print journalism.
Credibility on the Internet is an important aspect for the continued interests of readers. Traditionally blog writers have been dismissed as a non-reliable source of information due to the idea that anyone can write in a blog and may not have the credentials of a journalist, who write on only what matters to them. Over time however, the relevant and justified opinions of blog writers have contributed rather than hindered journalistic endeavours. A good Australian example is
ArtBlart, an Australian blog on art, hosted by wordpress.com. The author, Marcus Bunyan, artist and critic incorporates images, in depth analysis of art and exhibitions. Set out in blog format, one can access archives and artists through a constant side menu of dates and names. One can also search through article titles, or artist’s names. The blog’s titles are not particularly attention grabbing, instead these have a ‘news item’ feel to them, like Opening: ‘Little Treasures’ and ‘Clay Cameras’ at Helen Gory Galerie, Melbourne. One can also browse through the tags, which are an excellent option for those whose knowledge on art is limited but who are looking for a theme or idea.
Being a blog based site, the reader is given more opportunity for discussion and communication with the author. There is also a “Share This” option allowing readers to bookmark or pass on the pages and reviews of interest. The NYAM had a similar choice available whereby the reader can add the article to their social networking and bookmarking sites such as Facebook, Reddit, Delicious or Mixx, through an option at the end of each review and news item. The ability to do this quickly and without hassle is a very useful tool for site promotion. It need only take one good article and the ability to pass it on in order to make a site popular.
ArtBlart contains a number of images for each review of a show, such as the
John Brack retrospective at NGV Australia. Furthermore, these images often include installation shots, supporting the premise that a level of research is involved, as these images are only available to insiders and the media. These images also contain a note of copyright, which reiterates the credibility and authority of this author.
This being said however the personal aspect of blog writing is strongly evident and hinders on some of that credibility. As certain institutional relationships become evident, such as those between the author and the NGV, whose shows dominate the content of the blog. However as stated earlier, it is an expectation when reading a blog that the content will be personalised, it is simply a matter of trusting the opinion of the author. The onus remains with the author to establish this credibility through the many tools of the Internet.
Although the three sites have all displayed certain shortcomings, it is safe to say that the contemporary art industry has greatly benefited from the tools of the Internet. It has seen an increase in local and international sharing of images, ideas and discussions. Through a continued effort it is likely that sites will become more familiar with the needs of its readers adjust accordingly.